Kusadasi
Kusadasi, which means "bird
island", is set in a superb gulf in the Aegean region of Turkey and is known
for its turquoise sparkling water of the Sea, broad sandy
beaches, bright sun and large marina
with a capacity for 600 boats. A glorious ancient city stands beside it, Ephesus with hundreds
of thousands of visitors from tours
each year. The town is not far from Adnan Menderes
Airport, Izmir
(only 80 kilometers or 50 miles). Numerous holiday villages and hotels line its
shores and hundreds of restaurants
serves food from all around the world and, of course, Turkish Cuisine, which
is one of the largest cuisines of the world. There are also many hostels, discos, bars,
cafes, pubs and "Turkish Nights"; all those to cater holiday-makers.
Kusadasi has retained a certain earthiness to it and
inexpensive meals and pensions can still be found in town. Many shops do a
brisk trade with passengers from hundreds of cruise ships that dock for a day
or two, allowing enough time for a trip to Ephesus and a shopping
expedition.
The tiny Güvercin Adasi (Pigeon Island) is connected
to the mainland with a causeway. Its romantic setting includes a
well-maintained flower garden which surrounds the restored 14th or 15th century
fortress housing a restaurant
and disco frequented by lovers or those hoping to find one by the night's end.
Beaches close to town tend to get quite crowded during
summer. If you prefer more serenity, head for Dilek Peninsula National Park, known locally
as Milli Park about 28 km (17 miles) from Kusadasi.
It is also possible to get to Greek island Samos by
regular daily ferries.
Lately, many foreigners have bought (and continue to
buy) property
in and around Kusadasi for their holidays or for the retirement. It became a
popular area especially for the British and Irish nationals.
History
Around 2000 BC. people coming from Lelek, Caria and Lydia had settled down
as a society to the slopes of Pilav Mountain. Later one by one with the unit
settlements Pigale,
Maratheson, Neopolis and Panionion came to life; Ionians and later Romans by Ephesus coming into
the dominance of Rome, had lived in these lands.
Today's Kusadasi is founded in 16th century by
Venetians as a colony. The castle on the small island was built for the purpose
of observation in Byzantine
times. In the Middle Ages Kusadasi was ruled by Venetians and Genoese which had
taken the name of Scala Nova.
The city was surrounded with castle walls for being
protected from the violence of pirates, very common in the Mediterranean those
centuries. It's known that there is an Ionian Region of
Kusadasi. This had taken an important harbor mission on Asia - Europe trade road for many
years.
In the period of Scala Nova, the Armenians dominant to
trade, Greeks and Jews
had joined to former nations. With the Manzikert (Malazgirt) War in 1071 Seljuk Turks had
started to spread in Anatolia
and during the process of Turkish principalities formation, in 1304 Sasa Bey
had been the authority of Kusadasi and surroundings. Mehmet Bey had connected
this vicinity to Aydinogullari after Sasa's death.
Kusadasi is a harbor town and Turks had kept this in
mind. Although they were nomads
from central Asia and far away from maritime business, they had learnt maritime
as well as the Ephesians
in a short time. They had lived comfortably with the spoils they caught at
naval battles. Kilic Arslan added this town to Selcuk government and
Scala Nova again had become the exportation gate of Anatolia in 1186. The Ottoman
sultan Yildirim
Beyazit had joined Ayasulug (in Selcuk town) to his principalities
and the city became Ottoman
in 1390. Tamerlane (Timurlenk) decided to take whole of Anatolia under his
sovereign, but when he could not take Ayasulug he put the castle on fire in
which Ottoman
soldiers resisted, and St. Jean's Church was damaged very badly.
With Çelebi Mehmet I Kusadasi had gathered to the Ottoman Empire and
became a district.
With the vicinities passing to Ottomans, Turks entered into
societies in these areas. At the end of 1st World War Ottoman Government had
overcome, so Kusadasi was given to Italians with a treaty, and under
their rule, the town was filled with Turks, Greeks, Jews, Armenians. Most
of those minorities left the country on 7th September 1923 after the victory of
War of Independence
led by Atatürk.
Lands between Güzelcamli and Selcuk, the estates of Greeks which went back
during the agreement to exchange minorities between Greece and Turkey, were given to
Turkish immigrants in return to their properties there; the same was done by
the Greek government. This migration was between 1941 and 1955.
Kusadasi is living parallel to Ephesus in history and
the settlements around it. The places that have historical and tourist
values are:
Panionian Agora, Roman Bath, Ilica Hill, Scala Nova, Pygale, Kadi Castle,
Andiz Tower, Neopolis, Aquaducts, Ania, Melia, Kursunlu Monastery, Öküz Mehmet
Pasha Caravanserai,
The Castle on Pigeon Island, Ramparts surrounding the City, Kusadasi Houses,
Kaleici, Mosques,
Turkish Baths, Yacht Harbor and Dilek
National Park.